A new period began with the arab conquest in 827 AD. The Emporium was renamed Al Madarig, and became a stronghold and commercial center of the Saracens, who also established a first tonnara (tuna capture plant). In the 11th century the Normans defeated the Arabs, and the place began to be called Castello a mare; in the Aragonese period (1281 -1410), the town was a barony of Federico d'Antiochia and an important grain trade port. A remarkable development took place in the following centuries, when the name Castellammare del Golfo began to be used.
"Knowest thou the land where the lemon trees bloom..."